Species · Asteraceae

Artichoke

Cynara cardunculus. Asteraceae, genus Cynara. What this plant is called and where it is recorded, plus the published numbers the keystone holds so far.

Rank
species
Names
85 in 30 languages
Numbers
3 (3 with a source)
Keystone status
partial

Names

No scientific synonyms are recorded for this name.

English: artichoke, artichoke thistle, Cardoon, Globe Artichoke, Scotch thistle, Scottish thistle, Spanish artichoke, spiny artichoke, Wild Cardoon.

In other languages

  • Basque: Baratze-kardu
  • Catalan: Card, Herbacol
  • Chinese: 刺苞菜薊
  • Croatian: Divlja artičoka
  • Czech: artyčok kardový
  • Dutch: Kardoen
  • Finnish: isoartisokka
  • French: Artichaut, artichaut commun, Artichauts sauvages et cultivés, Cardon, cardon d'Espagne, Cardon, Carde, Artichaut sauvage, Cardons et Artichaut
  • German: Artischocke, Gemüse-Artischocke, Gemüseartischocke, Kardone
  • Greek: Αγκινάρα
  • Hebrew: ארטישוק
  • Hungarian: kárdi
  • Italian: carciofo
  • Japanese: カルドン
  • Lithuanian: Dygusis artišokas
  • Norwegian (Bokmål): artisjokk
  • Norwegian (Nynorsk): artisjokk
  • Polish: Karczoch hiszpański, Karczoch zwyczajny, Kard
  • Portuguese: alcachofra, alcachofra-brava, alcachofra-comum, alcachofra-de-comer, alcachofra-hortense, alcachofra-rosa, cachofra, cardo, Cardo-do-coalho
  • Russian: Артишок испанский
  • Slovak: Artičok zeleninový, artičoka bodliaková
  • Slovene: Artičoka
  • Spanish: alcachofa, alcaucil, cardo, Cardo de Castilla, cardo de comer, cardo de huerta
  • Swedish: kardon
  • Turkish: yabani enginar
  • Ukrainian: Артишок звичайний
  • Welsh: Marchysgall y Gerddi, Marchysgallen y Gerddi
  • isl: Ætiþistill
  • kur: Artîşoka spanî

Names with no language recorded: alcachofa, alcachofra, alcaucil, artichaut commun, artichoke thistle, Artischocke, cardo, cardo de comer, cardon d'Espagne, cardoon, cynara, Gemüseartischocke, globe artichoke, Kardone, Kenger.

Where it is recorded

Taxonomy record sources: GBIF (CC BY 4.0), USDA_PLANTS_CATALOG (Public Domain). Loaded from the botanica open cultivated-plant knowledge base and the GBIF backbone; each row keeps its origin.

Growth stages

  • Initial: about 40 days (FAO 56 Table 11: planted Apr (1st yr), California)
  • Crop development: about 40 days (FAO 56 Table 11: planted Apr (1st yr), California)
  • Mid-season: about 250 days (FAO 56 Table 11: planted Apr (1st yr), California)
  • Late season: about 30 days (FAO 56 Table 11: planted Apr (1st yr), California)

What the sources say it wants

Each line shows the band, then the kind of source and the citation. "Published" means the number is printed on the cited page; "derived" means it was computed from published numbers with the formula recorded on the row; "external API" rows are refreshed nightly from a live source; "curated" rows are OAT's own working values from June 2026.

Initial

ZoneMeasureBandSource
TimingCrop coefficient, initial stage (ratio)0.5published: FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, 1998

Mid-season

ZoneMeasureBandSource
TimingCrop coefficient, mid-season (ratio)1published: FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, 1998

Late season

ZoneMeasureBandSource
TimingCrop coefficient, end of season (ratio)0.95published: FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, 1998

Keystone status

Partial. The KEEP rule asks for a growth stage and a band in each of light, air and root zone before a crop counts as complete; this plant is in the keystone with what its sources give so far.

Generated 2026-09-15 from the OAT plant keystone. Source types and citations are carried on every row; the keystone snapshot that the Library instruments read is plant-targets.json and its quality sheet is plant-targets.quality.json.